The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to confirm as
the Cooperative Extension Service representative to the University-
wide Promotion/Tenure Committee:
Dennis Crawford
Associate Professor
Extension 4-H
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to confirm the
membership on the Core Review Committee, a subcommittee of
Curricular Affairs, as follows:
Behavioral Sciences Nagabhushana Rao
Professor, Sociology
Business/Engineering To be determined
English Roy Bird
Associate Professor, English
Humanities John Duff
Associate Professor, Music
Math Bob Piacenza
Professor, Mathematics
Natural Sciences John Olson
Professor, Physics
Speech: Marcia Stratton
Instructor, Speech Communications
Undergraduate Student: Afroz Khan
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (w/3 abstensions)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to confirm the
membership on the Fact Finding Committee on Overhead Recovery as
follows:
College of Liberal Arts: Ken Barrick
Assistant Proessor
Geography
College of Natural Sciences: James Sedinger
Associate Professor,
Wildlife Ecology
College of Rural Alaska: Not rec'd as of 11/8/90
Cooperative Extension Service: Tony Gasbarro
Associate Professor
Forestry
School of Agriculture and Land Not rec'd as of 11/8/90
Resource Management:
School of Career and Continuing John Daly
Education Associate Professor
Aviation Technology
School of Engineering: Edward Brown
Professor
Microbiology
School of Fisheries and Ocean: Thomas Royer
Sciences Professor
Marine Science
School of Management: Kelley Pace
Associate Professor
Business Administration
School of Mineral Engineering: Scott Huang
Associate Professor
Geological Engineering
Administration Rep. Not rec'd as of 11/8/90
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to join with the
staff and students to establish immediately a task force to review
and make recommendations on the public safety issue at UAF.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
MOTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===============
The UAF Faculty Senate moves to approve the following guidelines
for writing intensive courses:
A. GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR 3-CREDIT COURSES WITH "W"
DESIGNATOR
1. The lower-division writing sequence as specified in the Core
Curriculum will be a prerequisite for all "W"- designated courses.
2. Instructors are encouraged to have students write an ungraded
diagnostic composition on or near the first day of class to help
assess writing ability and general competence in the discipline. [If
diagnostic tests indicate that remedial work may be needed,
teachers can set up specialized tutoring for their students with UAF
Writing Center tutors.]
3. Teachers regularly evaluate students' writing and inform
students of their progress. If a major written project (research
project) is part of the course, the project should be supervised in
stages. If possible, a writing activity should comprise a major
portion of the final examination.
4. At least one personal conference should be devoted to the
student's writing per term and drafts of papers should receive
evaluation from the teacher and/or peers.
5. Written material should comprise a majority of the graded
work in the course for it to be designated "intensive." "Written
material" can consist of quizzes and exams with short answers or
essay sections, journals, field notes, informal responses to reading
or class lectures, structured essays, research projects, performance
reviews, lab reports, or any forms suitable to the discipline being
taught.
B. GUIDELINES FOR THE "W" DESIGNATOR IN TECHNICAL COURSES
1. In order to ensure that technical disciplines can meet the
goals of the writing intensive requirements without compromising
the technical quality of their courses, such disciplines may
substitute longer courses or a series of courses (typically 1-credit
labs) for each of the two necessary 3-credit writing intensive or
"W"-designated courses. Courses meeting all the general guidelines
will, of course, also be acceptable.
2. The longer course option allows the "W" designator for a 4- or
5-credit course in which written material comprises a portion of
the grade equivalent to "a majority" of a 3-credit course. The course
must also meet the other general guidelines.
3. The series option allows a student to replace one or both 3-
credit "W" courses with a series of courses, each of which may be
less than three credits--e.g., a series of 1-credit or 1-credit-
equivalent laboratories. Each series, however, must sum to the
equivalent of at least one 3-credit "W"- designated course. The
initial course in the series will be designated "W1" and, while less
than three credits, will fulfill all the other general requirements for
a "W." The subsequent courses will base a majority of the grade on
written material. Students must take the "W1" course before taking
the other courses in the series.
** To grade a course on written work means to use the student's
written work as the basis for his or her grade. Written work is
graded mainly on content and organization, with tone, word choice,
sentence structure, grammar, punctuation, and spelling accounting
for a smaller fraction of the grade.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/17/90
Approved: Patrick J. O'Rourke, Chancellor Date: 11/29/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
MOTION PASSED AS AMENDED (unanimous approval)
===========================
The UAF Faculty Senate moves to establish the following transfer
guidelines for UAF core curriculum requirements:
TRANSFER GUIDELINES
The following table specifies courses completed at other
institutions which may substitute for UAF's core curriculum
requirements.
TABLE OF SUBSTITUTIONS
CORE CURRICULUM COURSES COURSES WHICH TRANSFER AS
Math 131 a 100-level/above mathematics
course
Math 162, 200, 201, 202, 272 a calculus course at the 100-
level/above
English 111 THE REQUIRED FIRST SEMESTER
FRESHMAN [[a]] composition course
at the 100-level MUST BE BASIC
FRESHMAN COMPOSITION AND NOT
DEVELOPMENTAL (PJO'R)
English 211/213 the second half of the
introductory composition series
(requiring a research paper) at the
100-level or above
Speech 131/141 a 100-level/above course in
fundamentals of oral
communication which requires a
formal presentation to an
audience
Natural sciences, 8 credits courses in a basic natural
sciences--biology, chemistry,
earth sciences, physics--with
labs, at the 100-level/above
PERSPECTIVES ON THE HUMAN
CONDITION
Modern World History a Western or non-Western
civilization course covering a
period of time from 1800 to the
present at the 100-level or above
Political Economy a lower-division course in
political science or economics
Individual, Society & Culture a foundation course in sociology,
social/cultural anthropology, or
social psychology, at the 100-
level/above
World Literatures a literature course taken at the
200-level/above
Aesthetic Appreciation an appreciation course in art,
drama, or music at the 100-
level/above
Values and Choice an upper division course in ethics
EFFECTIVE: Fall 1991
Upon Chancellor's Approval
RATIONALE: A simple system is needed to evaluate transfer
credits, and to clarify equivalent meanings of core
curriculum courses for UAF students transferring
elsewhere.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/17/90
Approved with Modifications Indicated: Patrick J. O'Rourke, Chancellor
Date: 11/29/90
*As originally written, the motion would have permitted
Developmental English courses at the 100 level to be used in
fulfillment of the requirement.
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
MOTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===============
The UAF Faculty Senate moves to amend the Bachelor of Arts degree
requirements to the following:
CORE CURRICULUM REQUIREMENTS 38-39 credits
Communications 9 credits
English 111 and English 211 or 213
Speech communications 131 or 141
Humanities and Social Sciences 18 credits
Perspectives on the Human Condition,
6 courses or 4 courses plus two semester-
length courses in a - single non-English language
taken at the university level
Library and information skills 0-1 credits
Successful completion of library skills
competency test or LS 100/101
Mathematics 3 credits
Math 131 or a course in calculus
(Math 162, 200, 201, 202, 272 or any math
course having one of these as a prerequisite)
Natural sciences 8 credits
Two 4-credit courses, with labs, from
approved natural science core courses with
depth or breadth emphasis
Two designated writing intensive courses and
one oral communication intensive course at the
upper division level O adt'l credits
BACHELOR OF ARTS DEGREE REQUIREMENTS 81-82 credits
Complete the following in addition to the core:
Humanities and Social Sciences 18 credits
Any combination of courses at the lOO-level
or above, with a minimum of 6 credits in the
humanities and a minimum of 6 credits in
the social sciences.
OR
UP TO 12 CREDITS IN A NON ENGLISH LANGUAGE
TAKEN AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL AND A MINIMUM
OF 6 CREDITS IN SOCIAL SCIENCE. (PJO'R)
Mathematics 3 credits
One course at the lOO-level or above in
mathematical sciences (math., c.s., statistics)
Minor complex* at least 15 credits
or
Foreign/Alaska Native language option 12-18 credits
Two years study of one foreign or Alaska
Native language at the university level
(high school language credits or native
language proficiency may allow students
to begin at the intermediate or advanced level)
Major complex* at least 30 credits
Electives 12-19 credits
Minimum credits required for degree 120 credits
Of the above, at least 39 credits must be taken in upper division
(300-level or higher) courses.
[[Only]] courses beyond 30 credits in a major complex and 15 credits
in a minor complex WHICH ARE NOT IN THE PRIMARY DISCIPLINE OF
THAT MAJOR OR MINOR MAY [[or non-English language may ]] be used
to fulfill the humanities, social sciences, mathematics, or natural
science requirements.
*Departmental requirements for majors and minors may exceed the
minimums indicated. Specific requirements are listed in the Degrees
and Programs section of the catalog.
EFFECTIVE: Fall 1991 - Upon Chancellor's Approval
RATIONALE: See attached
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
Approved with Modifications indicated: Patrick J. O'Rourke, Chancellor
Date: 11/29/90
*See attached memo for explanation.
****************
JUSTIFICATION FOR CHANGE
Change in BA requirements is necessary in order to articulate this
degree with the new baccalaureate core curriculum. Nineteen
faculty members, representing departments offering the BA degree,
met three times in May to develop a proposal. This was distributed
to faculty in June. Based on comments from faculty throughout the
university, the proposal was revised slightly and presented to a
general meeting of some 60 faculty, held October 18th. There was
consensus in support of the revision to degree requirements.
Humanities and Social Sciences:
Because sufficient breadth in humanities and social sciences
instruction will be available in the "Perspective on the Human
Condition," students should have the freedom to develop depth
within one or two disciplines, or take courses from several
disciplines based on interest.
Mathematics:
Logic has been removed from the mathematics requirement because
Philosophy 204 is now taught as a course in critical thinking,
instead of symbolic logic.
Minor/non-English language option:
Faculty continue to see value in the minor requirement. The
consensus of faculty opinion is that study of a foreign or Alaska
Native language should be encouraged strongly, but not required.
Minimum credits:
Because the core curriculum contains only one upper-division
course, and because most students electing the foreign/Alaska
Native language option would take lower-division courses, faculty
believe the upper-division requirement should be reduced from 48 to
39 credits.
Double counting:
Current catalog language is unclear as to the circumstances under
which double counting is permitted. The revision clarifies this
point.
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
MOTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===============
The UAF Faculty Senate moves to amend the Bachelor of Science
degree requirements to the following:
CORE CURRICULUM REQUIREMENTS 38-39 credits
Communications 9 credits
English 111 and English 211 or 213
Speech communications 131 or 141
Humanities and Social Sciences 18 credits
Perspectives on the Human Condition,
6 courses or 4 courses plus two semester-
length courses in a - single non-English
language taken at the university level
Library and information skills 0-1 credits
Successful completion of library skills
competency test or LS 100/101
Mathematics 3 credits
Math 131 or a course in calculus
(Math 162, 200, 201, 202, 272 or any math
course having one of these as a prerequisite)
Natural sciences 8 credits
Two 4-credit courses, with labs, from
approved natural science core courses with
depth or breadth emphasis
Two designated writing intensive courses and one
oral communication intensive course at the upper
division level O adt'l credits
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE REQUIREMENTS 81-82 credits
Complete the following in addition to the core:
Natural sciences 8 credits
A one-year sequence in one natural science
BEYOND THE CORE. The total of natural science
courses used to satisfy this requirement as
well as the core requirement shall represent at
least two different natural sciences.
Mathematics 3 credits
The Baccalaureate Core shall include a
calculus course of at least 3 credits.
In addition, a 3 credit course in mathematics,
computer science or statistics is required.
Minor complex (optional)* 0-15 or more credits
Major complex* at least 30 credits
Electives 25-40 credits
Minimum credits required for degree *120 credits
Of the above, at least 39 credits must be taken in upper division
(300-level or higher) courses.
Only courses beyond 30 credits in a major complex and 15 credits in
a minor complex may be used to fulfill the humanities, social
sciences, mathematics, or natural science requirements.
*Departmental requirements for majors and minors may exceed the
minimums indicated and most BS degree programs require 130
credits. Specific requirements are listed in the Degrees and
Programs Section of the catalog.
EFFECTIVE: Fall 1991
Upon Chancellor's Approval
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
Approved with Modifications Indicated: Patrick J. O'Rourke, Chancellor
Date: 11/29/90
*Editorial change to clarify.
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
MOTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===============
The UAF Faculty Senate moves to amend the Bachelor of Business
Administration degree requirements to the following:
CORE CURRICULUM REQUIREMENTS 38-39 credits
Communications 9 credits
English 111 and English 211 or 213
Speech communications 131 or 141
Humanities and Social Sciences 18 credits
Perspectives on the Human Condition,
6 courses or 4 courses plus two semester-
length courses in a - single non-English language
taken at the university level
Library and information skills 0-1 credits
Successful completion of library skills
competency test or LS 100/101
Mathematics 3 credits
Math 131 or a course in calculus
(Math 162, 200, 201, 202, 272 or any math
course having one of these as a prerequisite)
Natural sciences 8 credits
Two 4-credit courses, with labs, from
approved natural science core courses with
depth or breadth emphasis
Two designated writing intensive courses and
one oral communication intensive course
at the upper division level O adt'l credits
B.B.A. DEGREE REQUIREMENTS 91-92 credits
Complete the following in addition to the core:
Mathematics:
MATH 161 Algebra for Business and Economics 3 credits
(Math 162 should be taken to complete the
mathematics requirement for the core.)
Social Science and Statistics (10 credits):
STAT 201 Elementary Probabilities and
Statistics 3 credits
ECON 200 Principles of Economics 4 credits
ECON 227 Intermediate Statistics for
Economics and Business 3 credits
Common Body of Knowledge (31 credits):
ACCT 101 and 102 Elementary Accounting 6 credits
AIS 310 Management Information Systems
or AIS 316 Accounting Information Systems 3 credits
BA 325 Financial Management 3 credits
BA 330 Legal Environment of Business 4 credits
BA 343 Principles of Marketing 3 credits
BA 360 Production/Operations Management 3 credits
BA 390 Organizational Theory and Behavior 3 credits
BA 462 Administrative Policy 3 credits
ECON 324 Intermediate Macroeconomics or
ECON 350 Money and Banking 3 credits
Major complex* 30 credits
Minor complex** (optional) [[0-]]15 credits or more
Electives 13 or more credits
Minimum credits required for degree 130 credits
*Departmental requirements for majors may exceed the minimum
indicated. Specific requirements are listed in the Degrees and
Programs section of the catalog.
**The minor must be selected outside of the School of Management.
Requirements for minors may exceed 15 credits. Specific
requirements are listed in the Degree and Programs section of the
catalog.
EFFECTIVE: Fall 1991
Upon Chancellor's Approval
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 12/4/90
Approved: Patrick J. O'Rourke, Chancellor Date: 1/7/91
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to postpone
action on the proposed revisions to the AAS degree requirements
until the BT degree requirements are considered by the Senate.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to postpone
action on the proposed revisions to the AAS degree requirements
relating to sub-100 level courses until the BT degree requirements
are considered.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (w/ 3 nays, 1 abstension)
==================
BE IT RESOLVED, That it is the intent of the faculty of UAF to
cooperate with the other University of Alaska institutions to meet
the transfer of credit goals of the University of Alaska Board of
Regents.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That the UAF faculty reaffirms the
principle that decisions on degree requirements and other curricular
matters are the right and responsibility of the UAF faculty.
RATIONALE: All UAF academic degrees are issued "upon
recommendation of the faculty." Academic tradition and
integrity dictate that it is the faculty who have the final
word in setting degree requirements.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED AS AMENDED (unanimous approval)
================================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to endorse the
resolution relating to child care submitted by the General Assembly
Executive Committee, with the amendments recommended by the UAF
Assembly Ad Hoc Committee on Day Care and with the additional
recommendation that the needs assessment study take into account
the private sector's capacity to provide quality child care.
[[ ]] = Delete
CAPS = Add
RESOLUTION RELATING TO CHILD CARE:
===================================
WHEREAS, Availability of affordable, convenient child care is a
significant factor in students' ability to access educational
opportunities; and
WHEREAS, Availability of affordable, convenient child care is a
significant factor in the productivity and morale of faculty
and staff; and
WHEREAS The University of Alaska, as a high profile public
employer, should be in a leadership position in responding
to the needs of its students and employees; and
WHEREAS, The University of Alaska, as an institution of higher
education, should have a heightened social consciousness
regarding the importance of early childhood care and education
and the important relationship between family and work; and
WHEREAS, The availability of adequate child care is in short supply
at every campus within the University of Alaska system;
THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, That the General Assembly of the
University of Alaska ask the Board of Regents to consider
[implementation of a policy statement similar to the
following] ADOPTION OF A STATEMENT OF INTENT AS FOLLOWS:
[It is the policy of the Board of Regents that each University
conduct a regular Child Care Needs Assessment Study for each
of its' campus sites for presentation and review by the Board.
It is the intention of the Board of Regents that if child care
needs exist on individual campuses, plans for new facilities or
major renovations on the campus may include space allocation
for appropriate child care facilities.]
THE BOARD OF REGENTS DIRECTS EACH MAJOR ADMINISTRATIVE
UNIT TO CONDUCT A CHILD CARE NEEDS ASSESSMENT STUDY
WITH ASSISTANCE FROM REGIONAL INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH
AND FACILITIES, PLANNING, AND CONSTRUCTION OFFICES. THE
RESULTS OF THE STUDY WILL BE COMPLETED IN TIME FOR
CONSIDERATION AT THE APRIL 18-19, 1991* BOARD OF
REGENTS MEETING. IT IS THE INTENTION OF THE BOARD OF
REGENTS TO CONSIDER CHILD CARE NEEDS AT EACH MAJOR
ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT AND TO CONSIDER PLANNING FOR NEW
FACILITIES OR MAJOR RENOVATIONS OF EXISTING FACILITIES
FOR HOUSING QUALITY CHILD CARE.
*amended per Ann Secrest, Chair
UAF Assembly Ad Hoc Committee on Day Care
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to endorse the
following General Assembly action relating to salary enhancement:
"The General Assembly urgently requests that the Board of
Regents seek increased funding from the legislature to
increase compensation levels of university employees.
Sufficient funding should be sought to make university
salaries competitive on the open market and to preserve real
income. This action is effective October 20,1990."
RATIONALE: Because of the 4-year salary freeze followed
by two years of modest increases, university salaries
are below market and have lost ground relative to
inflation. As an example, the journal SCIENCE indicates
that there will be a shortfall of 9,000 Ph.D's by the year
2000. Combined with the estimate that one-third of all
present faculty members will retire during this ten year
period, we are facing a period of increased challenges in
recruiting new faculty members. The article also shows
that 63 % of universities had difficulty recruiting their
top candidates in 1990, up from 25% in 1987. In order to
maintain quality teaching and research at the university
into the next century, it is imperative that immediate
steps be taken to keep salary levels fully competitive in
this increasingly tight market. Further, the current
inflation rate has reached 7% independently of increased
fuel costs. The university must preserve the real income
of its employees.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
The UAF Faculty Senate moves to endorse the proposed amendments
to Regents' Policy on service criteria for promotion and tenure as
follows:
(( )) = deletion
CAPS = addition
REGENTS' POLICY 04.04.05
Faculty Appointment, Review, Promotion, Tenure & Sabbatical Leave,
Section A. Evaluation of Faculty, 3.d.
Effectiveness of public service. Demonstrated by such things as:
Professionally related and publicly recognized service to
constituencies external to the university, including public and
private sector groups, governmental agencies, ELEMENTARY AND
SECONDARY SCHOOLS, boards, commissions, committees, public
interest groups, community groups, businesses, and urban and rural
residents; successful design and implementation of technology-
transfer programs to external constituencies; application of
directed research to the needs of constituencies; recognition,
awards and honors from constituent groups; and reputation among
peer deliverers of public service.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
The UAF Faculty Senate passed the following at its Meeting #22 on
November 12, 1990:
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to confirm the
Chemistry Department Peer Review Committee indicated below:
Larry Duffy, Chemistry
Claron Hoskins, Chemistry
John Keller, Chemistry
David Shaw, Chemistry
Richard Stolzberg, Chemistry
William Reeburg, IMS/SFOS
Gerald Shields, IAB
Don Button, IMS/SFOS
EFFECTIVE: Immediately
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
-------------------------------------------------------------
RESOLUTION PASSED (unanimous approval)
===================
BE IT RESOLVED, That the UAF Faculty Senate moves to refer to the
Fact Finding Committee on Overhead Recovery the motion to object
to the use of overhead funds to fund changes to security and safety
at UAF.
Signed: John Leipzig, President, UAF Faculty Senate Date: 11/14/90
ⓒ UA